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How about some Lipo Education

Here we will show or talk about things relating to lipos. I hope it is informative, or at least interesting.

I urge all of you to not try this stuff at home or anywhere else for that matter! Everything on this page is for educational purposes only and go beyond the standard safety practices we should all use when handling and using Lipo's.


Lets Start with what a lipo cell is made of.

How are they put together: The Li polymer battery is made of a positive plate, a negative plate, and a separator. The positive plate is made of a positive collector, usually but not always a foil type metallic material. The collector is coated with a positive active material layer on at least one surface of the positive collector. The negative plate including a negative collector in a foil form, and a negative active material layer on at least on surface of the negative collector. The separator between the positive and negative plates, for insulating the positive and negative plates is usually a thin plastic.

Lets cut open a cell and check it out. (note: I am doing this so you don't have to, don't try this on your own).

 

First I soaked the cell in a salt water mixture. about 1/4 salt to 5-6 cups of water. As you can see the salt has totally eroded away the positive terminal. Once the terminal (usually nickel or aluminum) is eroded away this allows a path directly to the inside of the cell. In this case I knew I was going to cut the cell open so I gave it a good 3 day soak.

 

 

 

Once the cell was discharged I cut down the sides of the cell, and then cut the covering across the center of the cell to expose the innards. The case of the cell is basically a thick aluminum foil with a clear plastic lining. This photo shows the negative tab and it's path to the innards of the cell. It also shows the path the positive tab once took before being eroded by the salt water. 

 

 

 

 

A cell is made if positive and negative plates stacked much like we parallel stack packs to increase capacity. In this photo you can see the many layers of plates stacked. One on top of the other to create a cell.

 

 

 

 

This photo shows some of the layers fanned out. If you look in the upper left of the photo you can see how the tab of each plate is opposite one another, creating a group of positive tabs and a group of  negative tabs. When tied together they conduct the collective energy of all the layer/plates combined. .

 

 

 

 

Here is another look at the plates. Notice the lithium Poly material peeling off of the collector plate. This is due to the salt water intrusion into the cell during the soak.

 

 

 

 

Here I have peeled off some of the poly (collector material) from the positive plate. This manufacturer used copper for the positive plate and with the salt water intrusion the collector was easily removed with the scrape of a finger nail

 

 

 

 

Here we see the negative plate. The poly mixture was not as easily removed. The plate appears to be made of aluminum or a aluminum nickel blend. The conductor was stuck well and took a screw driver and a bit of pressure to flake it off. 

 

 

 

 

 

This final photo shows all the plates removed and in a pile. With the plastic separator laying across the top of the photo. This was a 1500mah cell (of poor discharge I may add) the separator was a total of 6 1/2 feet long.

 

 

 

Some observations I made while tearing this cell apart. Once the covering was peeled off and I started peeling plates away the plates and the cell still being disassembled got warm to the touch. I was doing this in direct sun light in about 85F temperature. So I am not sure if it was residual voltage shorting (measured .0123 volts) or simply the black collector conducting heat. Either way I found it kind of interesting. Also I am sure many of you have read or been told about the sweet odor of a cell when it is punctured or leaking. This smell is very apparent even after the salt water soak. Although with this cell it was not as apparent as in most. Maybe this has something to do with what they used during manufacturing. Maybe even the cause of the low discharge performance.

Observations as they relate to some peoples practices. I have been asked on a few occasions, and told on a few other occasions that to discharge a cell with a salt water bath the cell should be punctured before soaking in salt water. Some even say it must be done or the salt water  will not penetrate the cell. I suggest that with all the layers being so thin that if we puncture the cell and the positive plate touches the negative plate internally of the cell is this not the same as shorting the positive tab to the negative tab? I do not puncture a cell prior to soaking in salt water but I have punctured cells before to see what happens. I have never had one catch fire or get hot. But knowing how they are made I would suggest no one ever puncture a cell. The plates are less then paper thin and are separated by only a thin layer of plastic equivalent to the mill of a cheap garbage bag. Shorting plates together is similar to shorting the positive and negative tabs.


Still to come: We are starting several graphs to show the effect on a cell when it is ran below LVC, Over Charged, Used at to high of a rate, and I am sure we will think of others.

If their is something you would like addressed feel free to drop a line.

sales@milehighrc.com or milehighrc@comcast.net

 


Until you are willing to follow all safety precautions, DO NOT use lithium batteries.

Lithium Polymer batteries were designed for mobile devices and not for R/C use. Although some manufactures now see the R/C market as a good viable market. In general Lithium polymer technology was not originally intended for high rate use as in R/C applications. Therefore, the technology of Lithium Polymer batteries in radio-controlled models is to be considered experimental (not just ours all of them). Our cells come from a factory whom makes cells specifically for R/C use. But please follow all guidelines and precautions that are set for lithium polymer batteries. The R/C hobby is fun, it can be a daily escape, relaxing, and offer extreme thrills. The last thing we want is someone to be injured, or suffer property damage from their hobby.

We suggest you follow AMA safety precautions with any Lipo battery. Since we cannot guarantee customers will follow the proper safety precautions and use an appropriate well functioning charger with the correct settings, therefore, Mile High RC, it's agents, distributors, employees, associates, etc..  assume no responsibility for the use of Lithium Polymer battery products by our customers. Your purchase and use of this product means you accept our terms and you are fully responsible for any consequences of your use. That being said we do guarantee or packs to be free from defects of parts and or faulty workmanship.

So far with the ESL cells the only cause of pack failure has been shorting while installing a connector, or not having the pack connected properly (exposed wires). Please learn from past customers & my personal experience. Do not expose the wires on both leads at the same time. Trim one wire attach to connector, cover, then work on the second lead. If you decide to use bullet type connectors (not recommended) we suggest making one lead shorter then the other. This limits the chance of  +/- coming in contact. If you need any help or would like suggestions feel free to drop us a line.

sales@milehighrc.com or milehighrc@comcast.net

Be safe and Enjoy!!

 Lipo Safety Info             Excellent info here

Don't forget to check our bargain bin. Aside from our personal R/C stuff we also test fly everything we sell, we can not possibly keep all of this stuff. Believe us it piles up fast and we only have so much warehousing available. So we sale or trade in the bargain bin.

 

 

 

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